Potential Risk Assessment of Drinking Water Source Exposed to Contamination Using Microbial Indicators and Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Index

Microbial Indicators of Fecal Contamination: Application to Microbial Source Tracking

Multiple Antibiotic Resistance as a Fecal Contamination Source Identification Method

Abstract A variety of methods have been developed over the last 30 years to determine the sources of fecal contamination of surface water. Identification of sources is a major step required in the process of prevention or remediation of such pollution. This paper provides a brief overview of the various methods available, then an in-depth discussion of a specific method: Multiple Antibiotic Res...

Effect of pH, Chlorine Residual and Turbidity on the Microbial Bio Indicators of Drinking Water Network

Abstract Background and objective: Bioindicators of drinking water are always influenced by physical and chemical factors such as turbidity and chlorine.  Considering the assessment of drinking water quality is based on residual chlorine, E.coli, heterotrophic bacteria and turbidity.  We aimed to evaluate the effect of pH, chlorine residual and turbidity on the microbial ...

Microbial Contamination in Drinking Water: Occurrence, Measurement and Control

Drinking water is essential for the health, everyday life and social development of human beings. Its importance is evident to all the people. Because China now is experiencing an unprecedented urbanization progress in the world, its demand for enough and clear drinking water is expanding every year. Unfortunately, many cities and towns in China are suffering from the pollution of source water,...

Quantitative microbial risk assessment of distributed drinking water using faecal indicator incidence and concentrations.

Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessments (QMRA) have focused on drinking water system components upstream of distribution to customers, for nominal and event conditions. Yet some 15-33% of waterborne outbreaks are reported to be caused by contamination events in distribution systems. In the majority of these cases and probably in all non-outbreak contamination events, no pathogen concentration d...